A set is a collection of objects called elements that are considered as a whole. They are represented by uppercase letters A, B, C, and their elements by lowercase letters.

Numbers organized into nested families, each extending the previous one to accommodate quantities that the smaller family cannot represent.

The natural numbers arise from the act of counting, but a modern treatment demands an axiomatic foundation that makes their properties explicit and independent from any informal notion.

Among the different types of numbers, the integers emerge when we extend the natural numbers to include the additive opposites of every positive quantity.

The modulo operator is one of the most frequently used operations in integer arithmetic. Given two integers, it returns the remainder left over after dividing the first by the second.

The real numbers are introduced as a structure characterised by a combination of algebraic and order properties.

Before discussing the algebraic properties of real numbers, it is essential to clarify how operations are performed in an expression.

The absolute value of a number represents its distance from zero on the number line, without considering its sign.

An interval is a subset of the real line with the property that, whenever two points belong to it, every point lying between them also belongs to it.

Although real numbers are frequently introduced via their algebraic properties, the essential distinction between \mathbb{R} and \mathbb{Q} lies in their order structure, particularly a unique...

The binomial coefficient denotes the number of ways to select a specific number of items k from a more extensive set of n elements, disregarding the selection order.